Algorithm can recreate faces based on brain activity. The code used by the brain to recognise faces may finally have been cracked by a mind- reading computer. Scientists programmed an algorithm that is able to recreate images of faces shown to monkeys in astonishing detail by measuring brain activity. The findings seem to solve one of the most difficult problems in neuroscience - and researchers say the explanation is surprisingly simple. The discovery could lead to software in the future that allows machines to probe further into our minds. Watch Anguish HD 1080P there. Scroll down for video Researchers have made a computer algorithm that is able to accurately recreate faces seen by macaque monkeys by measuring their brain activity. And their findings reveal that the way brains encode information about faces is much simpler than previously assumed.

CRACKING THE CODE Researchers from the California Institute of Technology started by creating a 5. They assigned 2. 5 dimensions to the shape, such as the distance between eyes or the width of the hairline, and 2. By inserting electrodes into the brains of macaque monkeys, they could record the signals from individual nerve cells that deal with facial recognition. This allowed them to show the monkey a computer generated face and then recreate the monkey's perception of it from electrical activity in the animal's brain.

When placed side by side, the photos that the monkeys were shown and the faces that were recreated using the algorithm were nearly identical. Researchers from the California Institute of Technology found that certain nerve cells in the brain pick up on specific facial characteristics to build a picture of an individual's face. Watch Friday The 13Th: A New Beginning Online Freeform. These 'face cells' are able to recreate a potentially limitless number of faces by combining the information each cell contains. The team compare this to how red, blue, and green light combine in different ways to create every possible colour on the spectrum.

But the process, uncovered for the first time, itself is eerily similar to how a computer would approach the problem. And by decoding the information contained in each cell in the brains of macaque monkeys, the scientists were able to produce images almost identical to the face originally observed.'We've discovered that this code is extremely simple,' said senior author Doris Tsao, a professor of biology and biological engineering at the university.'People always say a picture is worth a thousand words, but I like to say that a picture of a face is worth about 2. The researchers started by creating a 5. They assigned 2. 5 dimensions to the shape, such as the distance between eyes or the width of the hairline, and 2. By inserting electrodes into the monkey's brains, they could record the signals from individual face cells within the six areas of the inferior temporal cortex that deal with facial recognition.  Scientists recorded the signals from individual cells that deal with facial recognition to reproduce the images by inserting electrodes into the monkey's brains. When placed side by side, the photos that the monkeys were shown (left column on each side of the image) and the faces that were recreated using the algorithm (right column) were nearly identical. This allowed them to show the monkey a computer generated face and then recreate the monkey's perception of it from electrical activity in the animal's brain. When placed side by side, the photos that the monkeys were shown and the faces that were recreated using the algorithm were nearly identical.  'This was completely shocking to us, we had always thought face cells were more complex,' Dr Tsao added. 'But it turns out each face cell is just measuring distance along a single axis of face space, and is blind to other features.

The researchers started by creating a 5. They assigned 2. 5 dimensions to shape, such as the distance between eyes, and 2. Although there are many steps of computations between the image we see and the responses of face cells, the code of these face cells turned out to be quite simple once we found the proper axes.' In terms of practical uses, the researchers believe that the technology could be used by forensic teams in the future. Dr Tsao added: 'A practical consequence of our findings is that we can now reconstruct a face that a monkey is seeing by monitoring the electrical activity of only 2. This could inspire new machine learning algorithms for recognising faces.'One can imagine applications in forensics where one could reconstruct the face of a criminal by analysing a witness's brain activity.'.

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